Internal-combustion engine.



No. 884,402. PATENTED APR. 14, 1908.

P. I'. MILLER. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE FREDERICK E. MILLER, or NAPANEE, oNTARIo, CANADA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

No'. 884,402. Specification of Letters' Patent. Patented April 14, 41908.

Application led April 3, 1907. Sel No. 366,216.

o all whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known'that I, FREDERICK FRASER MILLER, subject of the King and Queen of vGreat Britain, residing in Napanee, Province of Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada,

--have invented certain new and useful Im provements in InternaliCombustion Engines,

-of which the following -i's a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in what is commonly known as a two-cycle, internal corn stion engine, and hasfor its ob. ject to p e-an engine which is flexible and ecdnomical jy improving the scavenging ities, byobtainmg a more perfect carbuespecially when working under a throttle mixture, to prevent the loss of unburned gaseous mixture through the exhaust,

' which lcylinder and piston s not necessary to to assist in cooling the cylinder and prevent initial firing. I attain these objects by the combination with the engine of a separate air pump md two variable storage chambers for air.

My invention includes the various features will be evident from the following de- Iscription and are particularly set forth in the' claims. f Referring to the accompanying one sheet. of vdrawings in which similar charactens'of reference' indicate like-parts throughout the several views, vFigure I isA a sectional elevation of a single 'cylinder-engine and -related parts. "Fig II is a sectional elevation of a two-cylinder engine illustrating a modificaion in arrangementof related parts.

f Inthe drawingIEilIuStrate the air pumps as a prolongation of their cylinders and-pistons It put the air pump in this pump may be espective engine ositionanda separate air fused ifde'sned. I Inakeno claim to this po-A sitiomor this form of annular ai'l poump. l hel frame ofthe engmemayve of any .su\ 1 able 'construction and is conventionally shhwn inthe drawings and indicated by the reference-numeral 1. This frame may inclu a crankecase and'suitable connections bet en the crank-case and the cylinder por- The cylinder 2 may vbe' rovitled with the usual water-jacket 3. If oun'dfnecessary, a circulation of water may be mv tained within -the water-jacket in" order to keep the sides of the cylinder prolperly vcocledv and to,preserve lubrication. T e

:rank end of the engine cylinder 2 is proonged forming cylinder 4 having La longerV a single cylinder, two-cycle vertical engine with inlet 8 and exhaust 9,I both of which are opened and closed mechanically by the movement of the piston 11.

For a full understanding of the construction of the a paratus, it is essential to describe in detai only the parts which coperate with one cylinder and to point out thereafter any modification of the connections between the parts when the cylinders are4 multiplied. 10 is a connecting rod between the cranks 7 and the engine piston 11. The crank end of piston 11 is extended and forms piston 12 -which movably iits the cylinder 4. The pistons-11 and 12 arefitted with re ulatioll piston packing 13. These being wel known piston 11 is provided a projection 33, the ur ose of which is to direct the circulation .fin t e cylinder 2.

14 is an air inlet which is opened and closed mechanically by the reciprocating piston 12.

15 is any well known form of ignition, preferably` the spark or iiring plug type.

16 isa cylinder provided with a piston 17 which divides the cylinder 16 into twochambers 18 and 19, the volumes ,of which are variable inversely by shifting the' piston 17 by means of its rod and connections. Cham- 'bei' 18 is connected direct to the engine cylin- The air ump cylinder 4 is connected direct to cham er 18 by piping 2() which is provided with a' check valve 2-1. Chambers 18 and 19 are connected by a line of-piping 22 in which is connected a carbureter chamber 23.` This carburetor chamber is illustrated on the drawwhatever upon t e style of carbureter used.v A subse nent application will disclose the details ccfl a carburetor preferred for this engine. This carbureter chamber is connected t0 the carburetin fluid tank, or pump if that .is used in place o carbure'ter, by the The' airin chamber 19 may be car ureted .either by an automatic carburetor or a variable feed pump supplying the exact pipe 24.*

the drawings hereto annexed, I have shown need not-be described. `on the niet side of der'2 by piping through the main inlet 8.

ings as an outside elevation, purposely, because in' this application no claim 1s made llO quantity of carbureting fluid or gas tol pro erly carburet the air in the chamber.

Cylinder 4 may be of such a diameterjthat the 'volume of air pumped by the annular air pump is somewhat larger than the volume of the engine cylinder 2. I

Referring to .Fig II, the arrangement of parts and the piping, is a slight modification inrus of that fully described aboveand illustrated in I. Chamber 18 is connectedto power cylinder of second engine; this obviates ythe necessity of the check valve 21 linline of* yi ing 20, as will be readily understood.

t The usual oil-ducts may be provided at any convenient point throughout the engine. i

The operation of the engine. is as follows: Supposing the pistons 11 and 12": areatA their lowest point of thev stroke, as illustrated in the right-hand engine in Fig. II. On the upward stroke the mixture in cylinder 2is compressed, and the air in cylinder 4 is com-V pressed into chambers 18 and 19, the air is carbureted in 23 either going to or coming from chamber 19. vThe ignition device fires the charge in cylinder 2, at the proper time, 4and `the piston 11: is forced down and opens.

the exhaust 9 and inlet 8,'

rIghe burned gases exhaust, being forced out by the inrtlsh of fresh air from chamber `18 through `inletv 8.'

This ure airuisj then forced out in turnby the ofthe carbureted lair 'from chamber 1.9. The exhaust and inlet valves are inechanically closed and the operation is,4 re-V peated. x y

" To throttle the engine it wouldV only be necessary to shift piston 17 so as to increase volume of chamber 18 and decreasevolume of chamber'lQ and asthe carbure'ted air is the last to enter engine c linder 2 it would not drive out all the' air au remaining burned gases in engine cylinder 2, rIhe mixture,

therefore, would remainpocketed about the inlet side of cylinder 2 and would be coms ressed about and fired at 15, and as it would e a perfectly carbureted ,mixture it would have more explosive ower thana very weak charge filling the who e cylinder.V The throttling consists having in'one part of the cylinder a reduced 'charge of air carburetedat its most eiiicient exp oding point.'

I'wish it distinctly understood that my internal combustion engine, herein illustrated an'ddescribed,`1s 1n the form which I desire,

erwise, the various features are the sangle..v

described my'invention,

1.v In an internal combustion engine, the Combination ofa cylinder and piston operating therein; two storage chambers, an air pum supplying air thereto, andan inde- A'pen entj manually-operated means to inversely vary the capacity thereof, pipe connectlons between the cylinder and one of the storage chambers a carbureting means con- 1 nected" to each 'of the storage chambers.

2.V In an,internal combustion engine, a

combustion chamber, two storage chambers one of which is connected to the combustion chamber, a carbureting means connected between the storage chambers, the said confn'ection bem the sole `connection between the storageic embers, an air pump-for supplying air to the f storage chambers and manually-operated means, to inversel vary thecapacity ofl aforesaid chambers, w ereby the amount of perfect mixture flowing into the combustion chamber is regulated.

3. 'In an internal combustion engine, a meansfof re ulation consisting in combina tion, a com ustionchamber, two storage ,chambers connected together and to the 4combustion chamber, a carbureting means in the connection lbetween the storage chambers,

an air pum for supplying air thereto, and- `an inde en ent manually-operated means to inverse y vary the capacity thereof. .4. In a twocycle en ne., a combustion chamber, two storag c ambers connected together by an e uahzin' pipe,` a carbureting means connecte in sai equahzing pipe, an

air pump 'for supplying airtothe storage chamber, pi e 4connections lbetween one st'oragecham er and the combustion chamber, means of regulating the volumes of the storage chambers, whereby the amount'of a charge of carbureted air entering the combustion chamber is regulated.

5. In an `internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a piston operatin therein, mechanical inlet and exhaust va ves, i0perate d by theaforesaid piston, an ignition device in 'said 'cylinder,. two storage ,chambers connected together by an equalizing pipe, a carbureting means connected lin said e ualizing pipe,` plpe connections between t e comustion chamber and one storage chamber', an air pump for-supplying, air to the storage chambers, an 'independent manually-operated means. to inversely vary the capacities of the storage chambers whereby the amount of the charge of air, carbureted at its most efficient inqilodingv point, admitted to the cylinder, isy regulated.

This specification signed and witnessed this 27th day of March, A. D., 1907.

4In the-presence off-- Y D. N.. Panne, G. E. WALKER. 

